Satoru, Kumano. Vaikingu no Shōgai

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  • Author: Satoru Kumano
  • Title: Vaikingu no Shōgai
  • Published in: Vaikingu no Keizaigaku: Ryakudatsu, Zōyo, Kōeki
  • Editor: Shinpei Nozawa
  • Place, Publisher: Tokyo, Yamakawa Shuppansha
  • Year: 2003
  • Pages: 5-50
  • E-text:
  • Reference: Satoru, Kumano. " Vaikingu no Shōgai. " Vaikingu no Keizaigaku: Ryakudatsu, Zōyo, Kōeki, pp. 5-50. Tokyo: Yamakawa Shuppansha, 2003.

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Annotation

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Lýsing

Í greininni fjallar Kumano um Þórólf Kveld-Úlfsson í Egils sögu í ljósi hugtaksins gagnkvæm tengsl. Fyrst og fremst bendir hann á að norrænt samfélag byggist á gagnkvæmum tengslum sjálfstæðra bænda. Hann lýsir auk þess því að hversdaglegar og hátíðlegar veislur gegni aðalhlutverki fyrir þá í að öðlast sæmd og virðingu og að mynda gagnkvæm tengsl við áhrifamikið fólk og að viðhalda þeim tengslum. Með dæmum úr sögunni ræðir Kumano um hvernig slík tengsl myndast í veislunum. Þar er bent á að gestir og gestgjafar og gjafir sem fara þeim á milli leggja oft grunn að formlegum hjónabandi, erfðum og vináttu. Að áliti Kumano er Þórólfur Kveld-Úlfsson ekki aðeins dæmigerður norrænn bóndi heldur einnig gott dæmi um hvernig bændur sem héldu of höfðinglegar veislur gátu móðgað konunginn og spillt stöðu sinni í norræna samfélaginu.

See also

References

Chapter 9: veislu mikillar: “In the Viking age, a wedding banquet and the gifts given to the guests proved not only the greatness of the host but also that the marriage was official. There were neither government offices nor records by a notary to prove a martial relationship status in the old societies of the Nordic countries and thus, whether a marital relationship is official or not was depending on testimonies and gifts at a wedding as physical evidences.” (Japanese text: 「盛大な結婚の宴と贈与は、ホストの名誉のほかに、結婚が正式に執り行われたことを証明するという社会的機能をもっていた。婚姻を届けるべき役所もなく、公証人による記録もないヴァイキング時代の北欧社会では、婚姻関係の証明は人々の証言と、証拠となる品物による。」(pp. 27-28).


Chapter 11: bjó veislu í móti konungi: “His destruction is directly caused by his militant action against King Haraldur's court. However, it is mainly due to the fact that he keeps on behaving as a "generous" great man by trading and making expeditions with an excessive number of attendants. Furthermore, holding grand banquets and passing out gifts for the influential people in the local regions also leads him to the destruction. Altogether, these behaviours are not subordinate to others and it means that this way of living is inconsistent with abiding to king.” (Japanese text: 「破局が訪れたのは、直接には、王の臣下に対する軍事的敵対行動にまで踏み出したからであるが、もとをたどれば農場経営上の必要を超えた従士団を抱えて交易と遠征をなし、従士たちおよび地域有力者たちへのふんだんな饗宴と贈物によって「気前のよい」大物として暮らす生活スタイルこそが原因である。それは誰にも従属しない生き方であって、この生き方は自分の上に王を戴くことと最終的に両立しない。」(pp. 46-47).

Links

  • Written by: Shohei Watanabe
  • English translation: