Haraldur Bernharðsson. Göróttur er drykkurinn: Difference between revisions
Ermenegilda (talk | contribs) |
Ermenegilda (talk | contribs) |
||
Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
==Annotation== | ==Annotation== | ||
Haraldur describes the development of the adjective ''göróttur'' from ancient to modern language, but the word appears only in two medieval texts: the Codex Regius of the poetic Edda and Völsunga saga. The word is derived from the noun ''gjör'', with the suffix -''ótt''-. The word ''gjör'', ''ger'' can be found on three instances in the ancient language: in the ninth ''vísa'' of ''Höfuðlausn'' by Egill Skalla-Grímsson, in ''Merlínuspá'' and in some manuscripts of ''Konungs skuggsjá''. If the ''vísa'' in Egla has been composed during the time of Egill Skalla-Grímsson, its author should have made the distinction between the sounds ǫ and ø. Hence the word must have been ''gjǫr'', not ''gør'', because it doesn't rime with ''hjǫr'', ''fjǫr'' and ''spjǫr''. In ''Höfuðlausn'' in the fragment AM 162 A ε fol., the word is written "geyr''r''. This indicates a pronunciation with ø, which doesn't work with the rimes of the ''vísa'', and there could have been another word than "gíor“ that one can see in other manuscripts. According to the regular phonetic development, the Old Icelandic word ''gjǫróttr'' should have become ''gjöróttur'', but it seems that the word was revived in the nineteenth century in the form ''göróttur'', likely under the influence of the versions of the poetic Edda where the word was written with ø. Haraldur reaches the conclusion that the noun ''gjör'', ''ger'' had the meaning '(food as) bait, decoy', and the adjective ''göróttur'' (''gjǫróttur'') the meaning 'with a bait, with a deception'. | Haraldur describes the development of the adjective ''göróttur'' from ancient to modern language, but the word appears only in two medieval texts: the Codex Regius of the poetic Edda and Völsunga saga. The word is derived from the noun ''gjör'', with the suffix -''ótt''-. The word ''gjör'', ''ger'' can be found on three instances in the ancient language: in the ninth ''vísa'' of ''Höfuðlausn'' by Egill Skalla-Grímsson, in ''Merlínuspá'' and in some manuscripts of ''Konungs skuggsjá''. If the ''vísa'' in Egla has been composed during the time of Egill Skalla-Grímsson, its author should have made the distinction between the sounds ǫ and ø. Hence the word must have been ''gjǫr'', not ''gør'', because it doesn't rime with ''hjǫr'', ''fjǫr'' and ''spjǫr''. In ''Höfuðlausn'' in the fragment AM 162 A ε fol., the word is written "geyr''r''". This indicates a pronunciation with ø, which doesn't work with the rimes of the ''vísa'', and there could have been another word than "gíor“ that one can see in other manuscripts. According to the regular phonetic development, the Old Icelandic word ''gjǫróttr'' should have become ''gjöróttur'', but it seems that the word was revived in the nineteenth century in the form ''göróttur'', likely under the influence of the versions of the poetic Edda where the word was written with ø. Haraldur reaches the conclusion that the noun ''gjör'', ''ger'' had the meaning '(food as) bait, decoy', and the adjective ''göróttur'' (''gjǫróttur'') the meaning 'with a bait, with a deception'. | ||
==Lýsing== | ==Lýsing== |
Revision as of 16:28, 18 July 2016
- Author: Haraldur Bernharðsson
- Title: Göróttur er drykkurinn. Fornmálsorð í nútímabúningi
- Published in: Gripla 17
- Place, Publisher:
- Year: 2006
- Pages: 37-73
- E-text:
- Reference: Haraldur Bernharðsson. "Göróttur er drykkurinn. Fornmálsorð í nútímabúningi." Gripla 17 (2006): 37-73.
- Key words: poetry, language and style (kveðskapur, mál og stíll)
Annotation
Haraldur describes the development of the adjective göróttur from ancient to modern language, but the word appears only in two medieval texts: the Codex Regius of the poetic Edda and Völsunga saga. The word is derived from the noun gjör, with the suffix -ótt-. The word gjör, ger can be found on three instances in the ancient language: in the ninth vísa of Höfuðlausn by Egill Skalla-Grímsson, in Merlínuspá and in some manuscripts of Konungs skuggsjá. If the vísa in Egla has been composed during the time of Egill Skalla-Grímsson, its author should have made the distinction between the sounds ǫ and ø. Hence the word must have been gjǫr, not gør, because it doesn't rime with hjǫr, fjǫr and spjǫr. In Höfuðlausn in the fragment AM 162 A ε fol., the word is written "geyrr". This indicates a pronunciation with ø, which doesn't work with the rimes of the vísa, and there could have been another word than "gíor“ that one can see in other manuscripts. According to the regular phonetic development, the Old Icelandic word gjǫróttr should have become gjöróttur, but it seems that the word was revived in the nineteenth century in the form göróttur, likely under the influence of the versions of the poetic Edda where the word was written with ø. Haraldur reaches the conclusion that the noun gjör, ger had the meaning '(food as) bait, decoy', and the adjective göróttur (gjǫróttur) the meaning 'with a bait, with a deception'.
Lýsing
Haraldur rekur þróunarsögu lýsingarorðsins göróttur frá fornmálinu til nútímamáls, en orðið kemur eingöngu fyrir í tveimur miðaldatextum; Konungsbók eddukvæða og Völsunga sögu. Orðið er myndað af nafnorðinu gjör, ger með viðskeytinu -ótt-. Orðið gjör, ger má aðeins finna í þremur dæmum úr fornu máli: Í níundu vísu Höfuðlausnar Egils Skalla-Grímssonar, í Merlínusspá og í sumum handritum Konungs skuggsjár. Hafi vísan í Eglu verið ort á tímum Egils Skalla-Grímssonar ætti höfundur hennar að hafa gert greinarmun á hljóðunum ǫ og ø. Því hlýtur orðið að hafa verið gjǫr, en ekki gør, þar sem það rímar ekki við hjǫr, fjǫr og spjǫr. Í Höfuðlausn í brotinu AM 162 A ε fol. er orðið ritað „geyrr“. Það bendir til framburðar með ø en það passar ekki við rím vísunnar og gæti verið annað orð en „gíor“ sem sjá má í öðrum handritum. Eftir reglulegri hljóðþróun hefði forníslenska orðið gjǫróttr átt að verða gjöróttur en svo virðist sem orðið hafi verið endurvakið á 19. öld í myndinni göróttur, líklega vegna áhrifa frá útgáfum eddukvæða þar sem orðið var ritað með ø. Haraldur kemst að þeirri niðurstöðu að nafnorðið gjör, ger hafi haft merkinguna ‘(æti sem) agn, (tál)beita’ og lýsingarorðið göróttur (gjǫróttur) merkinguna ‘með agni, sem tál er í’.
See also
References
Chapter 62: Þar var hrafna gjör: "Þrenns konar merking orðsins gjör í Höfuðlausn virðist því koma til álita: ‘fjöldi, grúi’, ‘æti’ eða ‘ásókn í æti, græðgi’" (p. 52).
Links
- Written by: Bjarni Gunnar Ásgeirsson
- English translation: