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King Harold went that summer to Halogaland, and banquets were made ready against his coming, both where his estates were, and also by barons and powerful landowners. | King Harold went that summer to Halogaland, and banquets were made ready against his coming, both where his estates were, and also by barons and powerful landowners. | ||
Thorolf prepared a banquet for the king at great cost; it was fixed for when the king should come there. To this he bade a numerous company, the best men that could be found. The king had about three hundred men with him when he came to the banquet, but Thorolf had five hundred present. Thorolf had caused a large granary to be fitted up where the drinking should be, for there was no hall large enough to contain all that multitude. And all around the building shields were hung. | Thorolf prepared a banquet for the king<ref> '''prepared a banquet for the king''': “His destruction is directly caused by his militant action against King Haraldur's court. However, it is mainly due to the fact that he keeps on behaving as a "generous" great man by trading and making expeditions with an excessive number of attendants. Furthermore, holding grand banquets and passing out gifts for the influential people in the local regions also leads him to the destruction. Altogether, these behaviours are not subordinate to others and it means that this way of living is inconsistent with abiding to king.” (Japanese text: 「破局が訪れたのは、直接には、王の臣下に対する軍事的敵対行動にまで踏み出したからであるが、もとをたどれば農場経営上の必要を超えた従士団を抱えて交易と遠征をなし、従士たちおよび地域有力者たちへのふんだんな饗宴と贈物によって「気前のよい」大物として暮らす生活スタイルこそが原因である。それは誰にも従属しない生き方であって、この生き方は自分の上に王を戴くことと最終的に両立しない。」[[Satoru, Kumano. Vaikingu no Shōgai]] (pp. 46-47).</ref> at great cost; it was fixed for when the king should come there. To this he bade a numerous company, the best men that could be found. The king had about three hundred men with him when he came to the banquet, but Thorolf had five hundred present. Thorolf had caused a large granary<ref> '''large granary''': “Aber viel gefärlicher für den Kredit isländischer Berichte ist die Darstellung Ottarʼs von den Zuständen in Halogaland. Offenbar sollte dies ja der Hauptwerth der Sagaʼs sein, daß sie die Zustände und Lebensverhälnisse correct schildern, möchten dann auch einzelne Begebenheiten fehlerhaft erzählt sein. Nach der Egilssaga nun, die so entschieden die Absicht zeigt, alle Hülssquellen Thololfʼs und seine ganze Thätigkeit vor Augen zu stellen, waren die Hauptnahrungsquellen der Halogaländer im 9. Jahrhundert: Häringsfang, Dorschfang, Eierfang, Seehundsfang, und – Ackerbau! Denn zum Hofe Torgar gehörte eine „Kornscheune“, das größte Gebäude des Hofes, ja so groß, daß darin 960 Mann auf einmal aufs Stolzeste zu Tisch sitzen konnten. Erinnern wir uns der Worte von Rask: „Jeder Wink dieser trefflichsten Saga stimmt aufs Genaueste mit der Natur der Sache und mit Ottarʼs Worten überein“. Nun ist aber allbekannt, daß sogar im 19. Jahrhundert nur überaus wenig Ackerbau in Halogaland getrieben wird. Noch weniger natürlich im 9. […]. Der Isländer hat, mit totalem Vergessen „der Natur der Sache“, die ungeheure „Kornscheune“ selbst erfunden; er brauchte sie, um daran anzuknüpfen, man habe dem König wahrscheinlich gemacht, daß Thorolf ihn „innbrennen“ wollte“ [[Jessen, C. A. E.. Über die Glaubwurdigkeit der Egils-Saga und anerer Isländer-Sagas]] (p. 80).</ref> to be fitted up where the drinking should be, for there was no hall large enough to contain all that multitude. And all around the building shields were hung. | ||
The king sate in the high seat; but when the foremost bench was filled, then the king looked round, and he turned red, but spoke not, and men thought they could see he was angry. The banquet was magnificent, and all the viands of the best. The king, however, was gloomy; he remained there three nights, as had been intended. On the day when the king was to leave Thorolf went to him, and offered that they should go together down to the strand. The king did so, and there, moored off the land, floated that dragon-ship which Thorolf had had built, with tent and tackling complete. Thorolf gave the ship to the king, and prayed the king to believe that he had gathered such numbers for this end, to show the king honour, and not to enter into rivalry with him. The king took Thorolf's words well, and then became merry and cheerful. Many added their good word, saying (as was true) that the banquet was most splendid, and the farewell escort magnificent, and that the king gained much strength by such men. Then they parted with much affection. | The king sate in the high seat; but when the foremost bench was filled, then the king looked round, and he turned red,<ref>'''he turned red''': "It is not, however, merely a Christian idea that great good fortune can bring about the downfall of its possessor ... For Þórólfr, as for the protagonist of the Riming Poem, “sinc searwade” – the treasure which was made of skill was deceitfull." [[Olsen, Alexandra Hennessey. The Heroic World: Icelandic Sagas and the Old-English “Riming Poem”]] (p. 55).</ref> but spoke not, and men thought they could see he was angry.<ref> '''he was angry''': "Even before Hildiríðr’s sons begin their campaign against Þórólfr, Haraldr has been angered by Þórólfr’s display of power and wealth at a feast." [[Berman, Melissa. Fiction in Egils saga]] (p. 101). </ref> The banquet was magnificent, and all the viands of the best. The king, however, was gloomy; he remained there three nights, as had been intended. On the day when the king was to leave Thorolf went to him, and offered that they should go together down to the strand. The king did so, and there, moored off the land, floated that dragon-ship which Thorolf had had built, with tent and tackling complete. Thorolf gave the ship to the king, and prayed the king to believe that he had gathered such numbers for this end, to show the king honour, and not to enter into rivalry with him. The king took Thorolf's words well, and then became merry and cheerful. Many added their good word, saying (as was true) that the banquet was most splendid, and the farewell escort magnificent, and that the king gained much strength by such men. Then they parted with much affection. | ||
The king went northwards through Halogaland as he had purposed, and returned south as summer wore on. He went to yet other banquets there that were prepared for him. | The king went northwards through Halogaland as he had purposed, and returned south as summer wore on. He went to yet other banquets there that were prepared for him. | ||
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Haraldur konungur fór það sumar á Hálogaland og voru gervar veislur í móti honum, bæði þar er hans bú voru og svo gerðu lendir menn og ríkir bændur. | Haraldur konungur fór það sumar á Hálogaland og voru gervar veislur í móti honum, bæði þar er hans bú voru og svo gerðu lendir menn og ríkir bændur. | ||
Þórólfur bjó veislu í móti konungi og lagði á kostnað mikinn. Var það ákveðið nær konungur skyldi þar koma. Þórólfur bauð þangað fjölda manns og hafði þar allt hið besta mannval það er kostur var. Konungur hafði nær þrjú hundruð manna er hann kom til veislunnar, en Þórólfur hafði fyrir fimm hundruð manna. Þórólfur hafði látið búa kornhlöðu mikla er þar var, og látið leggja bekki í og lét þar drekka því að þar var engi stofa svo mikil er það fjölmenni mætti allt inni vera. Þar voru og festir skildir umhverfis í húsinu. | Þórólfur bjó veislu í móti konungi<ref> '''bjó veislu í móti konungi''': “His destruction is directly caused by his militant action against King Haraldur's court. However, it is mainly due to the fact that he keeps on behaving as a "generous" great man by trading and making expeditions with an excessive number of attendants. Furthermore, holding grand banquets and passing out gifts for the influential people in the local regions also leads him to the destruction. Altogether, these behaviours are not subordinate to others and it means that this way of living is inconsistent with abiding to king.” (Japanese text: 「破局が訪れたのは、直接には、王の臣下に対する軍事的敵対行動にまで踏み出したからであるが、もとをたどれば農場経営上の必要を超えた従士団を抱えて交易と遠征をなし、従士たちおよび地域有力者たちへのふんだんな饗宴と贈物によって「気前のよい」大物として暮らす生活スタイルこそが原因である。それは誰にも従属しない生き方であって、この生き方は自分の上に王を戴くことと最終的に両立しない。」) [[Satoru, Kumano. Vaikingu no Shōgai]] (s. 46-47).</ref> og lagði á kostnað mikinn. Var það ákveðið nær konungur skyldi þar koma. Þórólfur bauð þangað fjölda manns og hafði þar allt hið besta mannval það er kostur var. Konungur hafði nær þrjú hundruð manna er hann kom til veislunnar, en Þórólfur hafði fyrir fimm hundruð manna. Þórólfur hafði látið búa kornhlöðu mikla<ref> '''kornhlöðu mikla''': “Aber viel gefärlicher für den Kredit isländischer Berichte ist die Darstellung Ottarʼs von den Zuständen in Halogaland. Offenbar sollte dies ja der Hauptwerth der Sagaʼs sein, daß sie die Zustände und Lebensverhälnisse correct schildern, möchten dann auch einzelne Begebenheiten fehlerhaft erzählt sein. Nach der Egilssaga nun, die so entschieden die Absicht zeigt, alle Hülssquellen Thololfʼs und seine ganze Thätigkeit vor Augen zu stellen, waren die Hauptnahrungsquellen der Halogaländer im 9. Jahrhundert: Häringsfang, Dorschfang, Eierfang, Seehundsfang, und – Ackerbau! Denn zum Hofe Torgar gehörte eine „Kornscheune“, das größte Gebäude des Hofes, ja so groß, daß darin 960 Mann auf einmal aufs Stolzeste zu Tisch sitzen konnten. Erinnern wir uns der Worte von Rask: „Jeder Wink dieser trefflichsten Saga stimmt aufs Genaueste mit der Natur der Sache und mit Ottarʼs Worten überein“. Nun ist aber allbekannt, daß sogar im 19. Jahrhundert nur überaus wenig Ackerbau in Halogaland getrieben wird. Noch weniger natürlich im 9. […]. Der Isländer hat, mit totalem Vergessen „der Natur der Sache“, die ungeheure „Kornscheune“ selbst erfunden; er brauchte sie, um daran anzuknüpfen, man habe dem König wahrscheinlich gemacht, daß Thorolf ihn „innbrennen“ wollte“ [[Jessen, C. A. E.. Über die Glaubwurdigkeit der Egils-Saga und anerer Isländer-Sagas]] (s. 80).</ref> er þar var, og látið leggja bekki í og lét þar drekka því að þar var engi stofa svo mikil er það fjölmenni mætti allt inni vera. Þar voru og festir skildir umhverfis í húsinu. | ||
Konungur settist í hásæti. En er alskipað var hið efra og hið fremra þá sást konungur um og roðnaði og mælti ekki og þóttust menn finna að hann var reiður. Veisla var hin prúðlegasta og öll föng hin bestu. Konungur var heldur ókátur og var þar þrjár nætur sem ætlað var. | Konungur settist í hásæti. En er alskipað var hið efra og hið fremra þá sást konungur um og roðnaði<ref>'''sást konungur um og roðnaði''': "It is not, however, merely a Christian idea that great good fortune can bring about the downfall of its possessor ... For Þórólfr, as for the protagonist of the Riming Poem, “sinc searwade” – the treasure which was made of skill was deceitfull." [[Olsen, Alexandra Hennessey. The Heroic World: Icelandic Sagas and the Old-English “Riming Poem”]] (s. 55).</ref> og mælti ekki og þóttust menn finna að hann var reiður.<ref> '''hann var reiður''': "Even before Hildiríðr’s sons begin their campaign against Þórólfr, Haraldr has been angered by Þórólfr’s display of power and wealth at a feast." [[Berman, Melissa. Fiction in Egils saga]] (s. 101). </ref> Veisla var hin prúðlegasta og öll föng hin bestu. Konungur var heldur ókátur og var þar þrjár nætur sem ætlað var. | ||
Þann dag er konungur skyldi brott fara, gekk Þórólfur til hans og bað að þeir skyldu fara ofan til strandar. Konungur gerði svo. Þar flaut fyrir landi dreki sá er Þórólfur hafði gera látið, með tjöldum og öllum reiða. Þórólfur gaf konungi skipið og bað að konungur skyldi svo virða sem honum hafði til gengið að hann hafði fyrir því haft fjölmenni svo mikið að það væri konungi vegsemd en ekki fyrir kapps sakir við hann. Konungur tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs og gerði sig þá blíðan og kátan. Lögðu þá og margir góð orð til, sögðu sem satt var, að veislan var hin vegsamlegasta og útleiðslan hin skörulegasta og konungi var styrkur mikill að slíkum mönnum, skildust þá með kærleik miklum. | Þann dag er konungur skyldi brott fara, gekk Þórólfur til hans og bað að þeir skyldu fara ofan til strandar. Konungur gerði svo. Þar flaut fyrir landi dreki sá er Þórólfur hafði gera látið, með tjöldum og öllum reiða. Þórólfur gaf konungi skipið og bað að konungur skyldi svo virða sem honum hafði til gengið að hann hafði fyrir því haft fjölmenni svo mikið að það væri konungi vegsemd en ekki fyrir kapps sakir við hann. Konungur tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs og gerði sig þá blíðan og kátan. Lögðu þá og margir góð orð til, sögðu sem satt var, að veislan var hin vegsamlegasta og útleiðslan hin skörulegasta og konungi var styrkur mikill að slíkum mönnum, skildust þá með kærleik miklum. | ||
Fór konungur norður á Hálogaland sem hann hafði ætlað og sneri aftur suður er á leið sumarið, fór þá enn að veislum þar sem fyrir honum var búið. | Fór konungur norður á Hálogaland sem hann hafði ætlað og sneri aftur suður er á leið sumarið, fór þá enn að veislum þar sem fyrir honum var búið. | ||
==Tilvísanir== | ==Tilvísanir== | ||
Latest revision as of 15:48, 12 December 2016
| Egils saga (Table of Contents) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 |
| 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 |
Chapter 11
The king feasts with Thorolf
King Harold went that summer to Halogaland, and banquets were made ready against his coming, both where his estates were, and also by barons and powerful landowners.
Thorolf prepared a banquet for the king[1] at great cost; it was fixed for when the king should come there. To this he bade a numerous company, the best men that could be found. The king had about three hundred men with him when he came to the banquet, but Thorolf had five hundred present. Thorolf had caused a large granary[2] to be fitted up where the drinking should be, for there was no hall large enough to contain all that multitude. And all around the building shields were hung.
The king sate in the high seat; but when the foremost bench was filled, then the king looked round, and he turned red,[3] but spoke not, and men thought they could see he was angry.[4] The banquet was magnificent, and all the viands of the best. The king, however, was gloomy; he remained there three nights, as had been intended. On the day when the king was to leave Thorolf went to him, and offered that they should go together down to the strand. The king did so, and there, moored off the land, floated that dragon-ship which Thorolf had had built, with tent and tackling complete. Thorolf gave the ship to the king, and prayed the king to believe that he had gathered such numbers for this end, to show the king honour, and not to enter into rivalry with him. The king took Thorolf's words well, and then became merry and cheerful. Many added their good word, saying (as was true) that the banquet was most splendid, and the farewell escort magnificent, and that the king gained much strength by such men. Then they parted with much affection.
The king went northwards through Halogaland as he had purposed, and returned south as summer wore on. He went to yet other banquets there that were prepared for him.
References
- ↑ prepared a banquet for the king: “His destruction is directly caused by his militant action against King Haraldur's court. However, it is mainly due to the fact that he keeps on behaving as a "generous" great man by trading and making expeditions with an excessive number of attendants. Furthermore, holding grand banquets and passing out gifts for the influential people in the local regions also leads him to the destruction. Altogether, these behaviours are not subordinate to others and it means that this way of living is inconsistent with abiding to king.” (Japanese text: 「破局が訪れたのは、直接には、王の臣下に対する軍事的敵対行動にまで踏み出したからであるが、もとをたどれば農場経営上の必要を超えた従士団を抱えて交易と遠征をなし、従士たちおよび地域有力者たちへのふんだんな饗宴と贈物によって「気前のよい」大物として暮らす生活スタイルこそが原因である。それは誰にも従属しない生き方であって、この生き方は自分の上に王を戴くことと最終的に両立しない。」Satoru, Kumano. Vaikingu no Shōgai (pp. 46-47).
- ↑ large granary: “Aber viel gefärlicher für den Kredit isländischer Berichte ist die Darstellung Ottarʼs von den Zuständen in Halogaland. Offenbar sollte dies ja der Hauptwerth der Sagaʼs sein, daß sie die Zustände und Lebensverhälnisse correct schildern, möchten dann auch einzelne Begebenheiten fehlerhaft erzählt sein. Nach der Egilssaga nun, die so entschieden die Absicht zeigt, alle Hülssquellen Thololfʼs und seine ganze Thätigkeit vor Augen zu stellen, waren die Hauptnahrungsquellen der Halogaländer im 9. Jahrhundert: Häringsfang, Dorschfang, Eierfang, Seehundsfang, und – Ackerbau! Denn zum Hofe Torgar gehörte eine „Kornscheune“, das größte Gebäude des Hofes, ja so groß, daß darin 960 Mann auf einmal aufs Stolzeste zu Tisch sitzen konnten. Erinnern wir uns der Worte von Rask: „Jeder Wink dieser trefflichsten Saga stimmt aufs Genaueste mit der Natur der Sache und mit Ottarʼs Worten überein“. Nun ist aber allbekannt, daß sogar im 19. Jahrhundert nur überaus wenig Ackerbau in Halogaland getrieben wird. Noch weniger natürlich im 9. […]. Der Isländer hat, mit totalem Vergessen „der Natur der Sache“, die ungeheure „Kornscheune“ selbst erfunden; er brauchte sie, um daran anzuknüpfen, man habe dem König wahrscheinlich gemacht, daß Thorolf ihn „innbrennen“ wollte“ Jessen, C. A. E.. Über die Glaubwurdigkeit der Egils-Saga und anerer Isländer-Sagas (p. 80).
- ↑ he turned red: "It is not, however, merely a Christian idea that great good fortune can bring about the downfall of its possessor ... For Þórólfr, as for the protagonist of the Riming Poem, “sinc searwade” – the treasure which was made of skill was deceitfull." Olsen, Alexandra Hennessey. The Heroic World: Icelandic Sagas and the Old-English “Riming Poem” (p. 55).
- ↑ he was angry: "Even before Hildiríðr’s sons begin their campaign against Þórólfr, Haraldr has been angered by Þórólfr’s display of power and wealth at a feast." Berman, Melissa. Fiction in Egils saga (p. 101).
Kafli 11
Þórólfur bauð konungi
Haraldur konungur fór það sumar á Hálogaland og voru gervar veislur í móti honum, bæði þar er hans bú voru og svo gerðu lendir menn og ríkir bændur.
Þórólfur bjó veislu í móti konungi[1] og lagði á kostnað mikinn. Var það ákveðið nær konungur skyldi þar koma. Þórólfur bauð þangað fjölda manns og hafði þar allt hið besta mannval það er kostur var. Konungur hafði nær þrjú hundruð manna er hann kom til veislunnar, en Þórólfur hafði fyrir fimm hundruð manna. Þórólfur hafði látið búa kornhlöðu mikla[2] er þar var, og látið leggja bekki í og lét þar drekka því að þar var engi stofa svo mikil er það fjölmenni mætti allt inni vera. Þar voru og festir skildir umhverfis í húsinu.
Konungur settist í hásæti. En er alskipað var hið efra og hið fremra þá sást konungur um og roðnaði[3] og mælti ekki og þóttust menn finna að hann var reiður.[4] Veisla var hin prúðlegasta og öll föng hin bestu. Konungur var heldur ókátur og var þar þrjár nætur sem ætlað var.
Þann dag er konungur skyldi brott fara, gekk Þórólfur til hans og bað að þeir skyldu fara ofan til strandar. Konungur gerði svo. Þar flaut fyrir landi dreki sá er Þórólfur hafði gera látið, með tjöldum og öllum reiða. Þórólfur gaf konungi skipið og bað að konungur skyldi svo virða sem honum hafði til gengið að hann hafði fyrir því haft fjölmenni svo mikið að það væri konungi vegsemd en ekki fyrir kapps sakir við hann. Konungur tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs og gerði sig þá blíðan og kátan. Lögðu þá og margir góð orð til, sögðu sem satt var, að veislan var hin vegsamlegasta og útleiðslan hin skörulegasta og konungi var styrkur mikill að slíkum mönnum, skildust þá með kærleik miklum.
Fór konungur norður á Hálogaland sem hann hafði ætlað og sneri aftur suður er á leið sumarið, fór þá enn að veislum þar sem fyrir honum var búið.
Tilvísanir
- ↑ bjó veislu í móti konungi: “His destruction is directly caused by his militant action against King Haraldur's court. However, it is mainly due to the fact that he keeps on behaving as a "generous" great man by trading and making expeditions with an excessive number of attendants. Furthermore, holding grand banquets and passing out gifts for the influential people in the local regions also leads him to the destruction. Altogether, these behaviours are not subordinate to others and it means that this way of living is inconsistent with abiding to king.” (Japanese text: 「破局が訪れたのは、直接には、王の臣下に対する軍事的敵対行動にまで踏み出したからであるが、もとをたどれば農場経営上の必要を超えた従士団を抱えて交易と遠征をなし、従士たちおよび地域有力者たちへのふんだんな饗宴と贈物によって「気前のよい」大物として暮らす生活スタイルこそが原因である。それは誰にも従属しない生き方であって、この生き方は自分の上に王を戴くことと最終的に両立しない。」) Satoru, Kumano. Vaikingu no Shōgai (s. 46-47).
- ↑ kornhlöðu mikla: “Aber viel gefärlicher für den Kredit isländischer Berichte ist die Darstellung Ottarʼs von den Zuständen in Halogaland. Offenbar sollte dies ja der Hauptwerth der Sagaʼs sein, daß sie die Zustände und Lebensverhälnisse correct schildern, möchten dann auch einzelne Begebenheiten fehlerhaft erzählt sein. Nach der Egilssaga nun, die so entschieden die Absicht zeigt, alle Hülssquellen Thololfʼs und seine ganze Thätigkeit vor Augen zu stellen, waren die Hauptnahrungsquellen der Halogaländer im 9. Jahrhundert: Häringsfang, Dorschfang, Eierfang, Seehundsfang, und – Ackerbau! Denn zum Hofe Torgar gehörte eine „Kornscheune“, das größte Gebäude des Hofes, ja so groß, daß darin 960 Mann auf einmal aufs Stolzeste zu Tisch sitzen konnten. Erinnern wir uns der Worte von Rask: „Jeder Wink dieser trefflichsten Saga stimmt aufs Genaueste mit der Natur der Sache und mit Ottarʼs Worten überein“. Nun ist aber allbekannt, daß sogar im 19. Jahrhundert nur überaus wenig Ackerbau in Halogaland getrieben wird. Noch weniger natürlich im 9. […]. Der Isländer hat, mit totalem Vergessen „der Natur der Sache“, die ungeheure „Kornscheune“ selbst erfunden; er brauchte sie, um daran anzuknüpfen, man habe dem König wahrscheinlich gemacht, daß Thorolf ihn „innbrennen“ wollte“ Jessen, C. A. E.. Über die Glaubwurdigkeit der Egils-Saga und anerer Isländer-Sagas (s. 80).
- ↑ sást konungur um og roðnaði: "It is not, however, merely a Christian idea that great good fortune can bring about the downfall of its possessor ... For Þórólfr, as for the protagonist of the Riming Poem, “sinc searwade” – the treasure which was made of skill was deceitfull." Olsen, Alexandra Hennessey. The Heroic World: Icelandic Sagas and the Old-English “Riming Poem” (s. 55).
- ↑ hann var reiður: "Even before Hildiríðr’s sons begin their campaign against Þórólfr, Haraldr has been angered by Þórólfr’s display of power and wealth at a feast." Berman, Melissa. Fiction in Egils saga (s. 101).
